mim zakuthupi zosapanga dzimbiri 17-4

MIM 17-4 PH mwachidule

Kutengera mulingo wa AISI 17-4 PH, MIM 17-4 PH ndi martensitic precipitation-hardening steel stainless steel. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi kusakanikirana kwa kukana dzimbiri ndi machitidwe amakina.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi MIM mu gawo lopangira jakisoni wazitsulo ndi 17-4 PH chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Chitsulo ichi chimakhala ndi kusakaniza kwakukulu kwa kukana dzimbiri, kuuma, ndi mphamvu. Zidutswa zovuta zokhala ndi mphamvu zabwino zimatheka chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yapadera ya 17-4. Kuphatikiza apo, kuumitsa kwachiwiri kumachitika panthawi ya sintering posintha magawo ena.

Popeza 17-4 PH imatsutsana ndi dzimbiri mofanana ndi 304L, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza pazinthu zomwe zimafuna makina.

Kuphatikiza apo, MIM-17-4 PH imadziwika ndi UNS S17400, AISI 630, ASTM A564, AMS 5643, ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH.

 

Mapangidwe a Chemicals

Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi Stainless Steel 17-4 zalembedwa pansipa, zokhala ndi zinthu komanso kulemera kwake:

• Iron (Fe):Balance (gawo lotsala)
• Nickel (Ni):3.00-5.00%
• Silicon (Si):1.00%
• Mpweya (C):0.07%
• Chromium (Cr):15.50-17.50%
• Niobium (Nb):0.15-0.45%
• Manganese (Mn):1.00%
• Mkuwa (Cu):3.00-5.00%
• Sulfure (S):0.03%

Zomwe zimapangidwira zimatsimikizira mphamvu zazinthu, kukana kwa dzimbiri, ndi zinthu zina zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale osiyanasiyana.

MIM 17-4 PH chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi machitidwe amakina omwe ndi 10-25% oyipa kuposa 17-4 PH. Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:

Zolakwika za sintering zimaphatikizapo zinyalala za kaboni, pores zosungidwa, ndi mbewu.
Kutayika kwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mpweya: Cr, Cu, ndi Ni.
Kuphatikizika kwa zonyansa: O, C, ndi N.

Ndi kuchedwetsa pang'onopang'ono, gawo la cubic austenite lokhazikika kumaso limakhazikika ndi zida za kaboni ndi nayitrogeni. Kumbali ina, thupi lokhala ndi cubic delta ferrite limathandizira kuthamanga kwa sintering. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4PH chimakumana ndi mvula zomwe zimapangitsa kuuma kwambiri ndi mphamvu, pomwe delta-ferrite yotsalira imachepetsa mphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, martensite amapezeka panthawi yozizira pambuyo pozizira.

Chigawo chachikulu cha zinthu za MIM ndi mpweya. Malo oyambirira a zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zopangidwa ndi oxides ndizokwera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumasiyana malinga ndi njira yopangira ufa. Kuchuluka kwa okosijeni m'zigawo za MIM 17-4 PH kumapangitsa kuti musamachite dzimbiri komanso mawonekedwe ochepera amakina chifukwa ma oxides amenewa amachotsa kuthekera kwa chromium kuletsa dzimbiri.

 

Makhalidwe Odziwika

Njira yotsogola yopangira zida zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri zowoneka bwino kwambiri ndi MIM. Kutentha kwambiri, kutentha, chilengedwe, nthawi yogwira, ndi kukula kwa tinthu ta ufa zonse zimakhudza momwe zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH. Zinthu zambiri zimakhudza kapangidwe ka 17-4 PH alloy, zomwe zimakhudza magawo ang'onoang'ono, mawonekedwe a sintering, ndi mawonekedwe omaliza. Nayitrojeni wochokera mumlengalenga, mpweya wochokera ku ufa kapena mpweya, ndi mpweya wochokera ku ufa kapena binder ndizo zigawo zikuluzikulu.

 

Kukhazikika koyenera kwamphamvu, kuuma, ndi kukana dzimbiri kumapangitsa 17-4 PH kukhala chisankho chodziwika. Zamagetsi, zamano, zamankhwala, ndi zakuthambo zimapeza kusakanikirana kwa mikhalidwe komwe kumakhala kosangalatsa pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha. kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, ndikusintha kwa Fe, Ni, Cu, ndi Cr. Kutentha kwa solidus ndi pafupifupi 1405 ° C, ndipo kwa liquidus ndi pafupifupi 1440 ° C. The makina makhalidwe amalabadira kutentha mankhwala; Elongation ya fracture imachokera ku 8 mpaka 14%, mphamvu zokolola zimayambira 760 mpaka 1240 MPa, mphamvu zamakokedwe zimayambira 1000 mpaka 1340 MPa, ndipo kuuma kumafika 43 HRC.

 

Kuphatikizika kwapadera kwamphamvu, kuuma, komanso kukana dzimbiri kumapangitsa 17-4 PH chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kukhala chisankho chomwe amakonda pamakampani opangira jakisoni wazitsulo. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha martensitic chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala mvula yolimba ndi 17-4 PH.

• Mphamvu zazikulu
• Zovuta kwambiri
• Kukana kwamphamvu kwa dzimbiri
• Kulimba kwa fractures
• makhalidwe a kutentha mankhwala ndi kuwotcherera

 

Zotsatira za Binder ndi Debinding

Popanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH jekeseni, makina ambiri omangira amagwiritsidwa ntchito; otchuka kwambiri ndi 60% filler, 30% msana, ndi 10% surfactant.

Chifukwa zotsalira zomangirira zidzasintha mpweya womaliza kapena mpweya wa carbon, debinding imakhudza makhalidwe omaliza. De-polymerization kapena zosungunulira m'zigawo ndi sitepe yoyamba debinding; mwachitsanzo, sera ya parafini imasungunuka mu heptane, ndipo polythylene glycol imasungunuka m'madzi otentha. Komanso, fuming nitric acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira kuchotsa polyoxymethylene. Njira yabwino yochotsera chomangira mu gawo lachiwiri la debinding ndikuchigwira pa 600 mpaka 1000 ° C pamalo a haidrojeni. Gawoli nthawi zina limatchedwa gawo loyambira la sintering.

 

Sintering Parameter Impact

Zosintha zingapo zimalumikizana panthawi ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH kutanthauzira kachulukidwe komaliza, gawo, mawonekedwe a microstructure, ndi mawonekedwe. Zigawo zinayi zazikulu za kusanthula kwa ziwerengero ndi chithandizo cha kutentha, mpweya wa sintering, mpweya woyambira, ndi kukula kwa tinthu.

Kutentha kwa sintering kumakhudza kwambiri kachulukidwe ka sintered.

 

Kukula kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono

Kufalikira kwa pamwamba ndi njira yomwe kugwirizana kwa tinthu koyamba pa sintering kumachitika; tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi malo okulirapo tidzalimbitsa mgwirizano woyamba. The nsana polima a tinthu adhesion adzakhala m'malo ndi padziko kufalitsa kugwirizana kamodzi binder pyrolysis ikuchitika. Kufalikira kwa malire a mapira kumafunikira kukula kwa khosi pamene mgwirizano wa sintering pakati pa tinthu tachitsulo ukuwonjezeka kuti tipange malire a tirigu pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Pamene malire a tirigu akupanga, kukula kwa tirigu kumagwira ntchito yaikulu pakugwedeza pamene shrinkage ikuyamba, ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsana ndi sintering. Komabe, zotsatira za kukula kwa tinthu koyambirira zimatha kuthetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu kapena nthawi yayitali yogwira.

 

Mlengalenga

Muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, njira zodziwika bwino za sintering monga vacuum, haidrojeni, nayitrogeni, haidrojeni-nitrogen, ndi argon-hydrogen.


Miyezo iwiri yodziwika bwino yopangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH ndi haidrojeni ndi vacuum. Pali kutsika kowonekera kwa okusayidi pamene mpweya wawonjezeredwa. Silicon ndi chromium zonse zimatha kugwira mpweya popanda kuwonjezera mpweya wa graphite. Kuchepetsa kwa okosijeni kumachitika pamene kutentha kuli kwakukulu ndipo mulingo wa haidrojeni uli wokwera; mame otsika amatsimikizira izi. Kuzizira pamwamba pa okosijeni komwe kumachitika pambuyo poyaka kumapanga zokutira za silicon, chitsulo, ndi chromium zomwe zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri.

Monga stabilizer yamphamvu ya austenite, nayitrogeni imakhudza chitukuko cha martensite komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Ikazizira, nayitrogeni, yomwe imasungunuka mu austenite, imayamba ngati Cr2N. Chromium yomwe ili m'malire a tirigu idzachepa chifukwa cha mvulayi, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti dzimbiri zichitike mofulumira. Chotsatira chake, tiyenera kuteteza nayitrogeni kulowa mu sintering atmosphere ndi kuziziritsa zigawo pansi pa 900 ° C pa liwiro la 200 ° C pa mphindi. muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH kuteteza kupanga chromium nitride.

Graphite imapanganso kupanikizika pang'ono kwa carbon monoxide mu ng'anjo za vacuum, chifukwa chake ng'anjo za graphite vacuum zimapambana mu vacuum sintering. Pa 1300 ° C ndi kutsika pang'ono kwa CO kwa 0.001, imatha kusintha chromium oxide kukhala chromium.

 

 

Kutentha ndi Kutentha Kwambiri

Njira zodziwikiratu za sintering zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa zinyalala komanso kutenthedwa kwa binder komwe kumaphatikizapo kutenthetsa ndi kusunga kutentha kosiyanasiyana. Pochepetsa zonyansa, kutentha koyenera kumayandikira 1000 ° C, pomwe pakuchotsa polima, kumayandikira 600 ° C.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4PH chimakhala chocheperako pakuyesa kwa dilatometry pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa 1250 ° C, pomwe kuchuluka kwathunthu (98%) kumafunikira kutentha kwakukulu kwa 1300 ° C. Mkuwa ndi chromium, komabe, zimatha kusanduka nthunzi pa kutentha kwakukulu kumeneku, mwina kupangitsa kutaya kwa chithandizo cha kutentha ndi kukana dzimbiri.

 

Kuphatikiza apo, kaphatikizidwe ka delta-ferrite kumathandizidwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu; ndi kufalikira kwachangu, gawo ili lithandizira kukhazikika komaliza. Mitsinje yoyera ya delta-ferrite ndi madera amdima a ma circular oxide pores amawoneka muzithunzi zotsatirazi zazing'ono za MIM 17-4PH mu sintering.

Ma microstructure a 1260 SS17-4 MIM

 

Kuwongolera kwa Carbon

Panthawi ya sintering, carbon ndi stabilizer ina ya austenite. Mphamvu zapamwamba ndi kuuma zidzakwaniritsidwa ndi milingo yochepa yosungidwa ya carbon mu 17-4, pansi pa 0.1 peresenti yolemera. Magawo achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH, kachulukidwe, ndi mawonekedwe amakina onse akhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa mpweya.

 

Njira ya MIM ya atomized powder, binder residues, debinding cycle, sintering environment, kuyambitsa mpweya, ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri ndi zina mwazosintha zomwe zimakhudza mpweya wa carbon. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mpweya ukhale wokwanira panthawi ya sintering ndi mulingo woyamba wa okosijeni. Mwachitsanzo, 0.03% carbon imatayika panthawi ya hydrogen sintering ya 17-4 gas atomized powders pa 1343 ° C. Kuphatikiza apo, makamaka pa kutentha kocheperako, zotsalira za binder zitha kuyambitsanso kuipitsidwa kwa kaboni.

Mu hydrogen ndi vacuum sintering, kulimba kwachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 kumakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kumasungidwa. Mu H900 kapena H1100 chithandizo cha kutentha, kapena mu sintering wamba pa 1300 mpaka 1360 ° C. Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa momwe mphamvu zolimba zimacheperachepera pamene mpweya wa carbon ukukwera.

 

Kusunga Nthawi

Mu sintering, nthawi yogwira kutentha kwambiri imatsika pakati pa 60 ndi 120 mphindi. kuchokera ku sintered density motsutsana ndi kutentha ndi nthawi yomwe ikutsatira. Pamene kutentha kumakwera kuchokera ku 1240 ° C kufika ku 1360 ° C, kumasonyeza kachulukidwe kakang'ono kuchokera ku 96.3% mpaka 98.3%. Ma compact compact amakwaniritsa kachulukidwe wathunthu (98%), pakatha mphindi 60 akugwira. Porosity imachotsedwa ndipo kuchuluka kwa pore kumachepa panthawiyi. Kutayika kwa malire a tirigu ndi kutopa kwa porosity ndizo zomwe zimayambitsa.

 

Ubwino wa MIM 17-4

High kukana dzimbiri
Chithandizo cha kutentha chopangitsa kukula kwa zaka
Industrial mphamvu ndi durability
Chapadera kukana kutentha
Ndikoyenera kwa MIM yovuta ya geometry

 

Makhalidwe Amakina

Ponena za zida zamapangidwe, MIM 17-4 PH imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Makhalidwe omwe amakonda kufananizira ndi mphamvu, kuuma, komanso kutalika. Kuphatikiza apo, kutopa, mphamvu zokolola, ndi kulimba kwa fracture ndizovuta zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mitundu ingapo yokonza.

Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikufotokozera mwachidule magawo apakati a 17-4 PH kutengera kusanthula kwama projekiti angapo a MIM. Sintering magawo ali ndi udindo pafupifupi 60% ya kusiyanasiyana kwa katundu.

 

Malinga ndi muyezo wamakampani a MIM, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zosachepera 790 MPa, kuuma kwa 27 HRC pambuyo pa sintering, ndi kuuma kwa 1070 MPa ndi 33 HRC pambuyo pochiritsa kutentha. 4% kutalika kwa onse awiri. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4PH pambuyo pa 1350 ° C sintering ndi chithandizo cha kutentha kwa H900 ndi 1280 MPa ya ufa wa gasi-atomized ndi 1136 MPa ya ufa wopangidwa ndi madzi. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ufa wa atomu wa mpweya ukhoza kupeza mphamvu yowonongeka ya 1485 MPa ndi 9% elongation.

 

Kukaniza Corrosion

Mitundu inayi ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (304, 316, 430, ndi 17-4) imayesedwa muyeso wa dzimbiri muzochitika zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti 17-4 ndiyomwe imalimbana ndi izi. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa ma pores a pazigawo za sintered amapangitsa dzimbiri m'dera lanu chifukwa cha polarization, zinthu zomwe zimamangidwa zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri kuposa zinthu zowotcha. Hydrogen sintering ndi gasi atomized ufa ndi njira ziwiri zodziwika bwino zolimbikitsira kukana dzimbiri chifukwa mpweya wotsalira ndizovuta.

Kukana kwa kutu kumagwirizananso ndi biocompatibility. Poyerekeza ndi titaniyamu ndi ma aloyi a cobalt, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH chili ndi cytotoxicity yabwino koma sichikhala ndi mpikisano wonse wa biocompatibility.

 

Msika Wofunsira wa PH wa MIM 17-4

Makhalidwe abwino amakina amaperekedwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 17-4 PH pa kutentha kwambiri mpaka 350 ° C. Komanso, ndi cholimba mokwanira zitsulo zonse vase ndi welds, ndi warping ndi makulitsidwe akhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi kutentha pa kutentha otsika kwa kanthawi kochepa.

Chifukwa cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 17-4 chapamwamba komanso kukana kutentha, ndiye kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 ndichabwino kwambiri pazogwiritsa ntchito zakuthambo. Kuyeretsa kwakukulu kwa ufa ndi kachulukidwe kumatha kutsimikizira moyo wa zinthu za MIM 17-4 ndikuchepetsa kusintha kolakwika.

Magalimoto
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga magalimoto ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 chifukwa ndizosavuta kuzipanga mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndi kukhazikika kokwanira, ukadaulo wopangira jakisoni wazitsulo umawonjezeranso mphamvu yake ya geometry yovuta.

Makasitomala
Chifukwa cha kukana kwapadera kwa dzimbiri, 17-4 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito ogula pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa MIM. Komanso, mphamvu zapadera ndi kuuma kwa zinthu izi zimatsimikizira kuti palibe cholakwika chilichonse.

Pomaliza

MIM 17-4 PH imapita patsogolo modabwitsa pakukhathamiritsa kapangidwe kake. Pazogwiritsa ntchito zambiri zoyenera, imapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosangalatsa ya sintered properties. Kutentha kwa sintering ndiye chigawo choyambirira cha mawonekedwe omaliza poyerekeza ndi mtundu wa ufa, kukula kwa tinthu, kachulukidwe wobiriwira, nthawi yogwira, ndi zina. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lomwe limapezeka muzinthu za sintered limakhudzanso zinthu zomwe sintered.

Pakalipano, chithandizo cha kutentha pambuyo pa sintering, sintered density, ndi phase morphology zimakhudza makhalidwe. Ngakhale kachulukidwe ka sintered amatsimikizira mawonekedwe, Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) imawawonjezera.

Metal Injection Molding (MIM) ikupita patsogolo kwambiri ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 17-4 PH. Kuperekanso mapulogalamu ena a sintered 17-4 PH, JHMIM imadalira ukadaulo wa MIM.