Papa Hoʻohālikelike Hou loa o nā ʻano kila kila
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kila kila i ka ʻoihana hana honua, akā ma muli o nā kūlana like ʻole a me nā ʻano inoa o ke kila kila ma nā ʻāina like ʻole a me nā ʻāina, aia kekahi mau pilikia i ka ʻike a me ke kamaʻilio. I mea e kōkua ai i nā ʻoihana a me nā mea kūʻai aku e ʻike a koho i nā mea kūpono, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻo JIEHUANG i kahi papaʻaina hoʻohālikelike honua kikoʻī o nā māka kila kila. Hoʻohālikelike kēia papaʻaina i nā kūlana honua nui (e like me ke kūlana GB o Kina, ke kūlana ASTM o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ke kūlana EN o ʻEulopa a me ka maʻamau JIS o Iapana) no ka kuhikuhi wikiwiki i ke koho ʻana a kūʻai ʻana i nā mea kila kila. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā palena palena, akā kōkua pū kekahi e hōʻoia i ka pololei a me ke kūlike o ke koho ʻana i nā mea.
| Papa Hoʻohālikelike Hou loa o nā ʻano kila kila | ||||||||||||
| Helu | ʻAno | Kina | Lukia | Kelemānia | Palani | Iapana | dia | Pelekania | Kūlana honua | Kuekene | ||
| (GB) | (TOCT) | (DIN) | (NF) | (HIM) | ASTM/AISI | US | SAE | (BS) | (ISO) | (SS14) | ||
| 1 | Austenitic kila kila | 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N | 12X17T9AH4 | — | — | SUS201 | 201 | S20100 | 30201 | — | A-2 | — |
| 2 | 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N | 12X17T9AH4 | X8CrMnNi189 | Z15CNM19.08 | SUS202 | 202 | S20200 | 30202 | 284S16 | A-3 | 2357 | |
| 3 | 1Cr18Mn10Ni5Mo3N | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 4 | 2Cr13Mn9Ni4 | 20X13H4T9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 5 | 1Cr17Ni7 | 09X17H7U | X12CrNi17.7 | Z12CN17.07 | SUS301 | 301 | S30100 | 30301 | 301S21 | 14 | — | |
| 6 | 1Cr17Ni8 | — | X12CrNi17.7 | — | SUS301J1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 7 | 1Cr18Ni9 | 12X18H9 | X12CrNi18.8 | Z10CN18.09 | SUS302 | 302 | S30200 | 30302 | 302S25 | 12 | 2331 | |
| 8 | Y1Cr18Ni9 | — | X12CrNiS18.8 | Z10CNF18.09 | SUS303 | 303 | S30300 | 30303 | 303S21 | 17 | 2346 | |
| 9 | Y1Cr18Ni9Se | 12X18H10E | — | — | SUS303Se | 303Se | S30323 | 30303Se | 303S41 | 17 | — | |
| 10 | 1Cr18Ni9Si3 | — | X12CrNiSi18.8 | — | SUS302B | 302B | S30215 | 30302B | — | — | — | |
| 11 | 0Cr18Ni9 | 08X18H10 | X5CrNi18.9 | Z6CN18.09 | SUS304 | 304 | S30400 | 30304 | 304S15 | 11 | 2332 | |
| 2333 | ||||||||||||
| 12 | 00Cr18Ni10 | 03X18H11 | X2CrNi18.9 | Z2CN18.09 | SUS304L | 304L | S30403 | 30304L | 304S12 | 10 | — | |
| 13 | 0Cr19Ni9N | — | — | — | SUS404N1 | 304N | S30451 | — | — | — | — | |
| 14 | 0Cr19Ni10NbN | — | X5CrNiNb18.9 | — | SUS304N2 | XM21 | S30452 | — | — | — | — | |
| 15 | 00Cr18Ni10N | — | X2CrNiN18.10 | Z2CN18.10 | SUS304LN | 304LN | S30453 | — | 304S62 | — | 2371 | |
| (Ka) | ||||||||||||
| 16 | 1Cr18Ni12 | 12X18H12T | X5CrNi19.11 | Z8CN18.12 | SUS305 | 305 | S30500 | 30305 | 305S19 | 13 | — | |
| 17 | 0Cr18Ni12 | 8X18H12T, 06X18H11 | X5CrNi19.11 | Z8CN18.12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 18 | 0Cr23Ni13 | — | X7CrNi23.14 | — | SUS309S | 309S | S30908 | 30309S | — | — | — | |
| 19 | 0Cr25Ni20 | — | — | — | SUS310S | 310S | S31008 | 30310S | — | — | 2361 | |
| 20 | 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 | 08X17H13M2T | X5CrNiMo18.10 | Z6CND17.12 | SUS316 | 316 | S31600 | 30316 | 316S16 | 20,20a | 2347 | |
| 21 | 1Cr17Ni12Mo2 | 10X17H13M2T | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 22 | 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti | 08X17H13M2T | X10CrNiMoTi18.10 | Z6CNDT17.12 | — | — | — | — | 320S31 | — | 2343 | |
| 320S17 | -2350 | |||||||||||
| 23 | 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti | 10X17H13M2T | X10CrNiMoTi18.10 | Z8CNDT17.12 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2350 | |
| 24 | 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 | 03X17H14M2 | X2CrNiMo18.10 | Z2CND17.12 | SUS316L | 316L | S31603 | 30316L | 316S12 | 19,19a | 2353 | |
| 25 | 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N | — | — | — | SUS316N | 316N | S31651 | — | — | — | — | |
| 26 | 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N | — | X2CrNiMoN18.12 | Z2CND17.12 | SUS316LN | 316LN | S31653 | — | 316S61 | — | 2375 | |
| (KA) | ||||||||||||
| 27 | 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2 | — | — | — | SUS316J1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 28 | 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 | — | — | — | SUS316J11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 29 | 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti | 08X17H15M3T | — | Z6CNDT17.13 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 30 | 1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti | 10X17H13M3T | X10CrNiMoTi18.12 | Z8CNDT17.13B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 31 | 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 | 08X17H15M3T | X5CrNiMo17.13 | — | SUS317 | 317 | S31700 | 30317 | 317S16 | 25 | — | |
| 32 | 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 | 03X16H15M3 | X2CrNiMo18.16 | Z2CND19.15 | SUS317L | 317L | S31703 | — | 317S12 | 24 | 2367 | |
| 33 | 0Cr18Ni16Mo5 | — | — | — | SUS317J1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 34 | 1Cr18Ni9Ti | 12X18H9T | X12CrNiTi18.9 | Z10CNT18.10 | SUS321 | 321 | S32100 | 30321 | 321S20 | — | 2337 | |
| 35 | 0Cr18Ni10Ti | 08X18H10T | X10CrNiTi18.9 | Z6CNT18.11 | SUS321 | 321 | S32100 | 30321 | 321S12 | 15 | — | |
| 36 | 1Cr18Ni11Ti | 12X18H10T | — | — | — | — | — | — | 321S20 | — | — | |
| 37 | 0Cr18Ni11Nb | 08X18H12B | X10CrNiNb18.9 | Z6CNNb18.10 | SUS347 | 347 | S34700 | 30347 | 347S17 | 16 | 2338 | |
| 38 | 1Cr18Ni11Nb | 12X18H12B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 39 | 0Cr18Ni9Cu3 | — | — | Z6CNU18.10 | SUSXM7 | XM7 | S30430 | — | — | D32 | — | |
| 40 | 0Cr18Ni13Si4 | — | — | — | SUSXM15J1 | XM15 | S38100 | — | — | — | — | |
| 41 | Austenitic ∣ Steel Ferritic | 0Cr26Ni5Mo2 | 08X21H6M2T | X8CrNiMo275 | — | SUS329J1 | 329 | S32900 | — | — | — | 2324 |
| 42 | 1Cr18Ni11Si4AlTi | 15X18H12C4TЮ | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 43 | 1Cr21Ni5Ti | 12X21H5T | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 44 | 00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 45 | 00Cr24Ni6Mo3N | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 46 | ʻO Ferritic Stainless Steel | 0Cr13A1 | 1X12CYU | X7CrAl13 | Z6CA13 | SUS405 | 405 | S40500 | 51405 | 405S17 | 2 | 2302 |
| 47 | 00Cr12 | — | — | — | SUS410L | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 48 | 1Cr15 | — | — | — | SUS429 | 429 | S42900 | 51429 | — | — | — | |
| 49 | 00Cr17 | — | — | — | SUS430LX | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 50 | 1Cr17 | 12X7 | X8Cr17 | Z8C17 | SUS430 | 430 | S43000 | 51430 | 430S15 | 8 | 2320 | |
| 51 | Y1Cr17 | — | X12CrMoS17 | Z10CF17 | SUS430F | 430F | S43020 | 51430F | — | 8a | 2383 | |
| 52 | 1Cr17Mo | — | X6CrMo17 | Z8CD17.01 | SUS434 | 434 | S43400 | 51434 | 434S17 | 9c | 2325 | |
| 53 | 00Cr17Mo | — | — | — | SUS436L | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 54 | 00Cr18Mo2 | — | — | — | SUS444 | 18Cr2Mo | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 55 | 1Cr25Ti | 15X25T | X8Cr28 | — | — | 446 | S44600 | 51446 | — | — | 2322 | |
| 56 | 00Cr27Mo | — | — | Z01CD26.1 | SUSXM27 | XM27 | S44625 | — | — | — | — | |
| 57 | 00Cr30Mo2 | — | — | — | SUS447J1 | — | S44700 | — | — | — | — | |
| 58 | Ke kila kila ʻole Martensite | 1Cr12 | — | — | — | SUS403 | 403 | S40300 | 51403 | 403S17 | — | 2301 |
| 59 | 0Cr13 | 08X13 | X7Cr13, X7Cr14 | Z6C13 | SUS410S | 410S | S41008 | — | 430S17 | 1 | — | |
| 60 | 1Cr13 | 12X13 | X10Cr13 | Z12C13 | SUS410 | 410 | S41000 | 51410 | 410S21 | 3 | 2302 | |
| 61 | 1Cr13Mo | — | X15CrMo13 | — | SUS410J1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 62 | Y1Cr13 | — | X12CrS13 | Z12CF13 | SUS416 | 416 | S41600 | 51416 | 416S21 | 7 | 2380 | |
| 63 | 2Cr13 | 20X13 | X20Cr13 | Z20C13 | SUS420J1 | 420 | S42000 | 51420 | 420S37 | 4 | ||
RFQ:
1. He aha ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion o nā ʻano kila kila?
ʻO 304 kahi kila kuhili ʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana a me nā ʻāpana e pono ai ka hoʻokō piha maikaʻi (ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion a me ka formability). Hōʻike ʻo 301 stainless steel i ka paʻakikī o ka hana ke hoʻololi ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia i nā manawa like ʻole e koi ai i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO 302 stainless steel he ʻano like ʻole o 304 stainless steel me kahi ʻano kalapona kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma o ka ʻōwili anu.
ʻO 302B he kila kila me ka ʻike silika kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka oxidation wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO 303 a me 303Se nā kila kila ʻoki manuahi i loaʻa ka sulfur a me ka selenium, i hoʻohana ʻia i nā manawa e koi nui ai i ka ʻoki manuahi a me ka hoʻopau kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo 303Se stainless steel e hana i nā ʻāpana e koi ai i ka huhū wela no ka mea ma lalo o ia mau kūlana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia kila kila.
ʻO 304L kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o 304 stainless steel me kahi haʻahaʻa kalapona haʻahaʻa a hoʻohana ʻia i nā manawa e pono ai ka wili. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa carbon maʻiʻo liʻiliʻi i ka ua o nā carbide ma ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia i ka wela ma kahi kokoke i ka weld, a ʻo ka ua o ka carbide hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻino intergranular (weld erosion) o ke kila kila ma kekahi mau kaiapuni.
ʻO 304N he kila kila kila, a hoʻohui ʻia ka nitrogen e hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ke kila.
ʻO 305 a me 384 mau kila kila ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nickel content a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka paʻakikī o ka hana, no laila kūpono lākou i nā manawa like ʻole me nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ke ʻano anuanu.
Hoʻohana ʻia ke kila kila 308 e hana i nā koʻokoʻo wili.
ʻO 309, 310, 314 a me 330 nā mea kila kila he kiʻekiʻe aʻe ka nickel a me ka chromium i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kūpaʻa oxidation a me ka ikaika kolo o ke kila ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO 30S5 a me 310S nā ʻano like ʻole o 309 a me 310 stainless steels, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻona kalapona haʻahaʻa i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka ua o nā carbide kokoke i ka weld. 330 kila kuhiliʻole kiʻekiʻe kū'ē i ka carburization a me ka thermal haʻalulu.
ʻO 316 a me 317 mau kila kila he alumini, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ko lākou pale ʻana i ka corrosion i loko o ka moana a me nā ʻenehana ʻenehana ma mua o ka 304 stainless steel. Ma waena o lākou, 316 kila kuhiliʻole nā ʻano like ʻole me ka haʻahaʻa-carbon kuhiliʻole kila 316L, kiʻekiʻe-ikaika kuhiliʻole kila 316N loaʻa naikokene, a me ka noa-oki ole kila kila 316F me ka kiʻekiʻe sulfur maʻiʻo.
ʻO 321, 347 a me 348 he mau kila kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka titanium, niobium, tantalum a me ka niobium i kēlā me kēia, kūpono no nā ʻāpana wili i hoʻohana ʻia i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO 348 he kila kila kūpono no ka ʻoihana mana nuklea, a loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau kapu i ka nui o ka tantalum a me ka cobalt.
2. No ke aha ke kila kuhiliia?
Pane: Manaʻo pinepine ka poʻe hiki i nā magnet ke huki i ke kila kila e hōʻoia i kona maikaʻi a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Inā ʻaʻole ia e huki i ka magnetism, manaʻo ʻia he maikaʻi a ʻoiaʻiʻo; inā hoʻokomo ia i ka magnetism, manaʻo ʻia he hoʻopunipuni. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi kēia, kūpono ʻole a hewa ʻole.
Nui nā ʻano o ke kila kila, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻāpana he nui e like me ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka lumi wela:
1. Austenite: e like me 304, 321, 316, 310, etc.;
2. Martensite a ferrite: e like me 430, 420, 410, etc.;
ʻAʻole magnetic a nāwaliwali paha ʻo Austenite, ʻoiai ʻo martensite a i ʻole ferrite ka magnetic.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ke kila kuhiliʻole i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻāpana paipu hoʻonaninani he mea austenitic 304, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau ʻole-magnetic a nāwaliwali paha. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka loli ʻana o ka haku melemele a i ʻole nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hiki i ka magnetism ke hiki mai, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he hoʻopunipuni a i ʻole kūpono ʻole. He aha ke kumu?
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo ka austenite ʻaʻole magnetic a nāwaliwali paha, ʻoiai ʻo martensite a i ʻole ferrite ka magnetic. Ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻāpana a i ʻole ka mālama wela kūpono ʻole i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, e hana ʻia kahi ʻano martensite a i ʻole ferrite i loko o ka austenitic 304 stainless steel. Ma kēia ʻano, e loaʻa i ka 304 stainless steel ka nāwaliwali nāwaliwali.
Eia kekahi, ma hope o ka hana anu, e hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho o 304 stainless steel i martensite. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka deformation hana anuanu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻololi martensite, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka magnetism o ke kila. No ka laʻana, he pūʻulu kila, i ka wā e hana ai i nā paipu Φ76, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike ʻia i ka induction magnetic, a i ka wā e hana ana i nā paipu Φ9.5. ʻOi aku ka ʻike o ka induction magnetic ma muli o ka nui o ke anu anuanu. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā paipu huinahā a me nā ʻāpana ʻehā ma mua o nā paipu poepoe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kihi, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka deformation a ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka magnetism.
No ka hoʻopau loa ʻana i ka magnetism o ke kila 304 i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kumu i luna, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau hoʻonā paʻa kiʻekiʻe e hoʻihoʻi i ka hale austenite paʻa, a laila e hoʻopau i ka magnetism.
Pono e kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo ka magnetism o 304 stainless steel i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kumu ma luna nei he ʻokoʻa loa ia mai ka magnetism o nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me 430 a me ke kila kalapona, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka magnetism o 304 kila e hōʻike mau ana i ka magnetism nāwaliwali.
Hōʻike kēia iā mākou inā he palupalu nāwaliwali ke kila kila a ʻaʻohe magnetism paha, pono e hoʻokolokolo ʻia he 3-4 a i ʻole 316 mea; ina ua like ia me ka magnetism o ke kila kalapona, hōʻike ia i ka magnetism ikaika, no laila ua hoʻoholo ʻia ʻaʻole 304 mea.
Manaʻo mākou i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā huahana stainless steel, pono ʻoe e koho i nā huahana mai nā mea hana kaulana, mai kuko i ka haʻahaʻa, a e makaʻala i ka hoʻopunipuni ʻia.