mim impahla yentsimbi 17-4

MIM 17-4 PH Isishwankathelo

Ngokusekwe kumgangatho we-AISI 17-4 PH, i-MIM 17-4 PH yintsimbi ye-martensitic precipitation-hardening steel stainless. Yahlulwa ngomxube wokumelana nokubola kunye neempawu zoomatshini.

Enye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiMIM icandelo lokubumba inaliti yesinyithi yi-17-4 PH yentsimbi engenasici. Le ntsimbi inomxube omkhulu wokumelana nomhlwa, ukuqina, kunye namandla. Iziqwenga eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye namandla amahle zenziwe zinokwenzeka ngeempawu ezikhethekileyo ze-17-4. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqina kwesibini kuqhutyelwa ngexesha lenkqubo ye-sintering ngokuguqula iiparitha ezithile.

Ekubeni i-17-4 PH ixhathisa i-corrosion efana ne-304L, isetyenziswa rhoqo kwizicelo ezifuna iimpawu zomatshini.

Ukongezelela, i-MIM-17-4 PH ichongiwe yi-UNS S17400, AISI 630, ASTM A564, AMS 5643, kunye nensimbi engenasici 17-4 PH.

 

Ukuqulunqwa kweMichiza

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-Stainless Steel 17-4 zidweliswe ngezantsi, kunye nezinto kunye neepesenti zabo zobunzima:

• Intsimbi (Fe):Ibhalansi (inxalenye eseleyo)
• I-Nickel (Ni):3.00-5.00%
• Isilicon (Si):1.00%
• Ikhabhoni (C):0.07%
• I-Chromium (Cr):15.50-17.50%
• I-Niobium (Nb):0.15-0.45%
• IManganese (Mn):1.00%
• Ubhedu (Cu):3.00-5.00%
• Isulfure (S):0.03%

Ukubunjwa kuqinisekisa amandla ezinto eziphathekayo, ukuxhathisa ukubola, kunye nezinye iipropati ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.

I-MIM 17-4 PH intsimbi engatyiwayo ikholisa ukuba neempawu ezingoomatshini eziyi-10–25% zimbi kunezo zenziweyo 17-4 PH. Oonobangela abaphambili baquka:

Iziphene ze-Sintering ziquka ukungcola kwekhabhoni, i-pores egciniweyo, kunye neenkozo.
Ilahleko ebangelwa kukuba ngumphunga yezinto: Cr, Cu, kunye neNi.
Ukubandakanywa kokungcola: O, C, kunye no-N.

Ngokucotha i-sintering, i-face-centered cubic austenite phase iqiniswa yi-carbon kunye ne-nitrogen components. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-cubic delta ferrite egxininiswe ngumzimba iya kukhawulezisa isantya se-sintering. Intsimbi engatyiwayo 17-4PH ifumana ukusabela kwemvula okukhokelela kubulukhuni obuphezulu kunye nokomelela, ngelixa intsalela ye-delta-ferrite ithoba amandla. Ukongeza, i-martensite yenzeka ngexesha lokupholisa emva kokuntywila.

Inxalenye ephambili yeemveliso zeMIM yioksijini. Ummandla wokuqala we-powders yensimbi engenasici efakwe nge-oxides iphezulu, kwaye inani le-oksijini liyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela yokuvelisa umgubo. Amanqanaba aphezulu e-oksijini kwiindawo ze-MIM ze-17-4 ze-PH zikhokelela ekuxhathiseni ukonakala kunye neempawu ezingaphantsi komatshini kuba ezi oksidi ziza kuthatha amandla e-chromium okuthintela ukubola.

 

Iinkcazelo Ngeempawu

Ubuchwephesha obuntsonkothileyo bokudala izinto ezintsonkothileyo, ezisebenza kakhulu kwintsimbi engenasici yi-MIM. Iqondo lobushushu eliphakamileyo, izinga lokufudumeza, okusingqongileyo, ixesha lokubamba, kunye nobungakanani besuntswana elingumgubo zonke zichaphazela indlela intsimbi engatyiwayo 17-4 PH izitshisi. Izinto ezininzi zinefuthe ekwakhiweni kwe-alloy ye-17-4 PH, ethi yona ibe nefuthe kwizigaba ze-microstructure, ukuziphatha kwe-sintering, kunye neempawu zokugqibela. I-nitrogen esuka kumoya wenkqubo, ioksijini evela kumgubo okanye i-atmosfera, kunye nekhabhoni evela kumgubo okanye i-binder zezona nxalenye ziphambili.

 

Ibhalansi efanelekileyo yamandla, ubunzima, kunye nokumelana nokubola kwenza i-17-4 PH ibe yinto ethandwayo. Iimveliso kumacandelo ombane, amazinyo, amayeza, kunye ne-aerospace zifumana umxube weempawu ezinomtsalane emva konyango lobushushu. ziyahluka ngokokwakheka, kunye notshintsho kwiFe, Ni, Cu, kunye neCr. Iqondo lobushushu le-solidus limalunga ne-1405°C, kwaye elo lolwelo lumalunga ne-1440°C. Iimpawu zomatshini zisabela kunyango lobushushu; Ubude bokwaphuka busuka kwi-8 ukuya kwi-14%, amandla esivuno asuka kwi-760 ukuya kwi-1240 MPa, amandla okuqina asuka kwi-1000 ukuya kwi-1340 MPa, kwaye ubunzima bufikelela kwi-43 HRC.

 

Udibaniso olukhethekileyo lwamandla, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana nokubola kwenza i-17-4 PH insimbi engenasici ibe yinto ekhethwayo kwishishini lokubumba inaliti yensimbi. I-martensitic steel stainless edla ngokuba lukhuni kwemvula eyi-17-4 PH.

• Amandla amakhulu
• Kunzima kakhulu
• Ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kumhlwa
• Ukuqina kokwaphuka
• iimpawu zonyango lokushisa kunye ne-welding

 

Iziphumo zeBinder kunye nokuDibanisa

Kwinsimbi engenasici ye-17-4 PH yokubumba inaliti, iinkqubo ezininzi ze-binder zisetyenziswa; ezona zidumileyo ziyi-60% filler, 30% backbone, kunye ne-10% ye-surfactant.

Ngenxa yokuba izithako ze-binder ezisele ziza kutshintsha i-oksijini yokugqibela okanye amanqanaba ekhabhoni, ukudibanisa kunempembelelo kwiimpawu zokugqibela. I-De-polymerization okanye i-solvent extraction linyathelo lokuqala lokuzibophelela; umzekelo, iparafini wax inyibilika kwi-heptane, kwaye i-polythylene glycol inyibilika emanzini ashushu. Ngaphezu koko, i-nitric acid evuthayo isetyenziswa kwi-catalytic debinding ukususa i-polyoxymethylene. Indlela efanelekileyo yokususa i-binder kwisigaba sesibini sokudibanisa kukubamba kwi-600 ukuya kwi-1000 ° C kwindawo ye-hydrogen. Esi sigaba ngamanye amaxesha sibizwa ngokuba yinqanaba lokuqala lokucula.

 

Impembelelo yeParameter yeSintering

Inani lezinto eziguquguqukayo zisebenzisana ngexesha lokucoca insimbi engenasici 17-4 PH ukuchaza ubuninzi bokugqibela, isigaba, i-microstructure, kunye neempawu. Amacandelo amane aphambili ohlalutyo lwamanani lunyango lobushushu, umoya we-sintering, ugxininiso lokuqala lwe-oksijini, kunye nobukhulu bamasuntswana.

Ubushushu be-sintering bunempembelelo enkulu kwi-sintered density.

 

Ubungakanani bamasuntswana

Ukusasazwa komphezulu yinkqubo apho i-particle yokuqala idibanisa ngexesha le-sintering yenzeka; i-particle encinci enendawo enkulu yomhlaba iya kuqinisa ibhondi yokuqala. Ukuncamathela komqolo wepolymer kuya kutshintshwa kukudityaniswa komphezulu okudityanisiweyo kanye xa i-binder pyrolysis isenzeka. Ukusasazwa komda wokuziinkozo kufuna ukukhula kwentamo njengoko i-sintering bonding phakathi kwamasuntswana esinyithi inyuka ukuze kudalwe imida yeenkozo phakathi kwamasuntswana. Xa umda weenkozo ubumba, ubukhulu bengqolowa budlala indima enkulu kwi-sintering xa i-shrinkage iqala, kwaye inefuthe eliphambeneyo kwizinga le-sintering. Nangona kunjalo, impembelelo yesayizi yokuqala yamasuntswana inokuchaswa ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye ixesha elide lokubamba.

 

Umoya

Kwinsimbi engenasici, iinketho eziqhelekileyo zokusingqongileyo ziquka i-vacuum, i-hydrogen, i-nitrogen, i-hydrogen-nitrogen, kunye ne-argon-hydrogen.


Iiatmospheres ezimbini ezidumileyo ze-sintering steel stainless steel 17-4 PH ziyi-hydrogen kunye ne-vacuum. Kukho ukuhla okubonakalayo kwi-oxide xa i-carbon yongezwa. Zombini isilicon kunye nechromium zinokubamba ioksijini ngaphandle kokongezwa kwekhabhoni yegraphite. Ukunciphisa ioksijini kwenzeka xa ubushushu buphezulu kwaye inqanaba lehydrogen liphezulu; indawo ephantsi yombethe iya kuqinisekisa le nkqubo. Umphezulu obandayo oxidation owenzeka emva kokuntywila uya kudala i-silicon, intsimbi, kunye nechromium ekwaziyo ukumelana nokudleka.

Njenge-stabilizer eyomeleleyo ye-austenite, i-nitrogen inefuthe ekuphuhliseni i-martensite kunye neempawu zokugqibela zensimbi engenasici. Njengoko iphola, initrogen, enyibilikayo kwi-austenite, idlula njenge-Cr2N. Ichromium kwindawo yomda weenkozo iya kuncitshiswa yile mvula, nto leyo eya kubangela ukonakala kwendawo ukuba kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka sithintele i-nitrogen ekungeneni emoyeni we-sintering kwaye ipholise amacandelo angaphantsi kwe-900 ° C ngesantya se-200 ° C ngomzuzu. kwintsimbi ye-stainless 17-4 PH ukukhusela ukuveliswa kwe-chromium nitride.

Igraphite ikwavelisa uxinzelelo olusezantsi lwekhabhon monoxide kwiziko lokufunxa, yiyo loo nto iziko legraphite vacuum liphumelele kwivacuum sintering. Kwi-1300 ° C kunye ne-CO ephantsi yoxinzelelo oluyinxenye ye-0.001, inokuguqula i-chromium oxide kwi-chromium.

 

 

Iqondo lobushushu kunye nesantya sokufudumeza

Imijikelo ye-sintering eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukupheliswa kokungcola kunye neenkqubo zokudinwa kwe-binder ezibandakanya ukufudumeza nokubamba kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo. Ukunciphisa ukungcola, ubushushu obufanelekileyo busondele kwi-1000 ° C, ngelixa ukususwa kwepolymer ekugqibeleni, kusondele kwi-600 ° C.

Insimbi engenasici i-17-4PH idlula i-sintering shrinkage kuvavanyo lwe-dilatometry kwisantya esiphezulu malunga ne-1250 ° C, kanti ubuninzi obugcweleyo (98%) bufuna ubushushu obuphezulu be-1300 ° C. Ubhedu kunye nechromium ziya kuthi, nangona kunjalo, zibe ngumphunga kula maqondo obushushu aphezulu, mhlawumbi ibangele ilahleko yonyango lobushushu kunye nokumelana nokuhlwa.

 

Ukongezelela, i-synthesis ye-delta-ferrite incediswa ngamaqondo okushisa amakhulu; ngokusasazwa ngokukhawuleza, esi sigaba siya kunceda ekuxininiseni kokugqibela. Iikholoni ezimhlophe ze-delta-ferrite kunye neendawo ezimnyama ze-circular oxide pores zibonakala kwigrafu elandelayo ye-micro-structure ye-MIM 17-4PH kwi-sintering.

I-microstructure ye-1260 SS17-4 MIM

 

Ulawulo lweCarbon

Ngexesha lenkqubo ye-sintering, ikhabhoni yenye i-austenite stabilizer. Amandla aphezulu kunye nobunzima buya kufezekiswa ngamanqanaba aphantsi agcinwe kwikhabhoni kwi-17-4, ngaphantsi kweepesenti ze-0.1 zobunzima. Intsimbi yentsimbi ye-17-4 izigaba ze-PH, ukuxinana, kunye neempawu zoomatshini zonke ziya kuchaphazeleka lutshintsho lomxholo wekhabhoni.

 

Inkqubo ye-MIM yomgubo we-atomized, i-binder residues, umjikelezo wokuqhawula, i-sintering environment, ukuqala i-oksijini, kunye nobushushu be-peak sintering ezinye zezinto eziguquguqukayo ezichaphazela izinga lekhabhoni. Ummiselo ophambili weyona nto iphezulu yekhabhoni ngexesha le-sintering yinqanaba lokuqala le-oxygen. Ngokomzekelo, i-0.03% yekhabhoni ilahleka ngexesha le-hydrogen sintering ye-17-4 yegesi ye-atomized powders kwi-1343 ° C. Ngaphaya koko, ngakumbi kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi e-sintering, iintsalela zezibophelelo zinokubangela ukungcoliseka kwekhabhoni.

Kwi-hydrogen kunye ne-vacuum sintering, amandla okuqina ensimbi engenasici 17-4 iphenjelelwa yimali yekhabhoni egciniweyo. Nokuba kwi-H900 okanye i-H1100 yonyango lobushushu, okanye kwi-standard sintering kwi-1300 ukuya kwi-1360 °C. Lo mfanekiso ulandelayo ubonisa indlela amandla okuqina ahla ngayo njengoko umxholo wekhabhoni unyuka.

 

Ukugcina Ixesha

Kwi-sintering, ukubamba amaxesha kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu liwela phakathi kwe-60 kunye ne-120 imizuzu. ukusuka kuxinaniso lwe-sintered ngokuchasene nobushushu kunye negrafu yexesha elilandelayo. Njengoko iqondo lokushisa liphakama ukusuka kwi-1240 ° C ukuya kwi-1360 ° C, libonisa ukuxinana okuqhubekayo ukusuka kwi-96.3% ukuya kwi-98.3%. I-compacting compacts ifezekisa ubuninzi obupheleleyo (98%), emva kwemizuzu engama-60 yokubamba. I-Porosity iyasuswa kwaye izinga lokutshabalalisa i-pore liyehla ngeli nqanaba. Ukulahleka kwemida yeenkozo kunye nokudinwa kwe-porosity zezona zizathu ziphambili.

 

Iinzuzo zeMIM 17-4

Ukuchasa okuphezulu kwi-corrosion
Ukunyangwa kobushushu obudala ukuqina
Amandla oshishino kunye nokuqina
Ukuchasa okubalaseleyo kubushushu
Ilungele ijometri entsonkothileyo yeMIM

 

Iimpawu zoomatshini

Ngokubhekiselele kwizixhobo zesakhiwo, i-MIM 17-4 PH isetyenziswa. Iimpawu ezithelekisekayo ozithandayo ngamandla, ubulukhuni, kunye nobude. Ukongeza, ukudinwa, amandla esivuno, kunye nokuqina kokwaphuka yimiba echatshazelwa ziinguqu ezininzi zokusetyenzwa.

Lo mfanekiso ulandelayo ushwankathela umndilili weeparamitha ze-17-4 PH ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo lwamanani lweeprojekthi ezininzi ze-MIM. Iiparamitha zeSintering zinoxanduva malunga ne-60% yokwahluka kwiipropati.

 

Ngokomgangatho woshishino lwe-MIM, insimbi engenasici i-17-4 PH kufuneka ibe namandla amancinci angama-790 MPa, ubunzima be-27 HRC emva kokucwina, kunye nobunzima be-1070 MPa kunye ne-33 HRC emva kokunyanga ukushisa. 4% ubude kuzo zombini. Amandla anamandla ensimbi engenasici ye-17-4PH emva kwe-1350 ° C i-sintering kunye ne-H900 yonyango lokushisa yi-1280 MPa ye-gas-atomized powder kunye ne-1136 MPa ye-powder-atomized powder. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-gas atomized powder inokufikelela kwi-tensile-treated tensile strength ye-1485 MPa kunye ne-9% elongation.

 

Ukuxhathisa kwiCorrosion

Iindidi ezine zensimbi engenasici (304, 316, 430, kunye ne-17-4) ziphantsi kovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-corrosion kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-17-4 yeyona nto ixhathisayo kwezi meko. Ngaphaya koko, ngenxa yokuba iintunja ezikumalungu ane-sintered zibangela ukonakala kwendawo ngokuxinanisela i-polarization, imathiriyeli ekhandiweyo imelana kakhulu nomhlwa kunemathiriyeli ene-sintered. I-Hydrogen sintering kunye ne-gas atomized powder ziindlela ezimbini ezidumileyo zokuphucula ukuxhathisa umhlwa kuba i-oksijini eshiyekileyo yintsilelo.

Ukumelana nokubola kukwanxulumene ne-biocompatibility. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-titanium kunye ne-cobalt alloys, insimbi engenasici i-17-4 PH ine-cytotoxicity enhle kodwa ayinakho ukhuphiswano olupheleleyo lwe-biocompatibility.

 

PH Isicelo Market for MIM 17-4

Iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini zibonelelwa yi-17-4 PH yentsimbi engatyiwayo kumaqondo obushushu afikelela kuma-350°C. Ukongeza, yomelele ngokwaneleyo kuzo zombini i-vase yesinyithi kunye ne-welds, kwaye i-warping kunye nokulinganisa kunokuncitshiswa ngokufudumeza kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi ixesha elifutshane.

Ngenxa ye-corrosion ephezulu kunye nokumelana nokushisa, i-aerospace 17-4 insimbi engenasici yinto ekhethekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwe-aerospace. Ukucoceka okuphezulu komgubo kunye noxinaniso kunokuqinisekisa ubomi bemveliso ye-MIM 17-4 kunye nokunciphisa utshintsho lwephutha.

Izithuthi
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeemoto ziyinsimbi engenasici 17-4 kuba kulula ukuyiqhuba kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuhlala ixesha elide, itekhnoloji yokubumba inaliti yesinyithi nayo yonyusa umthamo wayo wejometri entsonkothileyo.

Abathengi
Ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwayo okungaqhelekanga, i-17-4 isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo zabathengi zisebenzisa itekhnoloji yeMIM. Ngaphaya koko, amandla akhethekileyo kunye nokuqina kwesi sixhobo siqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenazimpazamo.

Ukuququmbela

I-MIM 17-4 PH yenza imitsi emangalisayo ekuphuculeni iimpawu zesakhiwo. Kwizicelo ezininzi ezifanelekileyo, ibonelela ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo ezinomtsalane zeepropathi ze-sintered. Ubushushu be-Sintering yeyona nto iphambili yokumisela iimpawu zokugqibela xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lomgubo, ubungakanani besuntswana, ingxinano eluhlaza, ubude bokubamba, kunye nezinye iiparamitha. Ngaphezu koko, isigaba esikhoyo kwizinto ezifakwe kwi-sintered sichaphazela iipropati ze-sintered.

Okwangoku, unyango lwe-post-sintering heat, ubuninzi be-sintered, kunye ne-phase morphology zonke zichaphazela iimpawu. Ngelixa ingxinano ye-sintered imisela iimpawu, iHot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) iyabongeza.

I-Metal Injection Molding (MIM) iya isiba phambili ngentsimbi engatyiwa 17-4 PH. Ukunikezela ngezicelo ezongezelelweyo ze-sintered 17-4 PH, i-JHMIM ixhomekeke kwisiseko setekhnoloji ye-MIM.