kwigana ibikoresho bidafite ingese 17-4

MIM 17-4 PH Incamake

Ukurikije AISI 17-4 PH isanzwe, MIM 17-4 PH ni martensitike yimvura-ikomera ibyuma bitagira umwanda. Itandukanijwe nuruvange rwo kurwanya ruswa hamwe nubukanishi.

Kimwe mu bikoresho bya MIM bikoreshwa cyane murwego rwo guteramo ibyuma ni 17-4 PH ibyuma bitagira umwanda. Iki cyuma gifite uruvange runini rwo kurwanya ruswa, gukomera, nimbaraga. Ibice bigoye hamwe nimbaraga nziza birashoboka bishoboka kumico idasanzwe ya 17-4. Byongeye kandi, gukomera kwa kabiri bikorwa mugihe cyo gucumura muguhindura ibipimo bimwe.

Kubera ko 17-4 PH irwanya ruswa isa na 304L, ikoreshwa kenshi mubisabwa bisaba imashini.

Byongeye kandi, MIM-17-4 PH yamenyekanye na UNS S17400, AISI 630, ASTM A564, AMS 5643, hamwe nicyuma 17-4 PH.

 

Ibigize imiti

Ibigize imiti yibyuma 17-4 byerekanwe hano hepfo, hamwe nibintu hamwe nuburemere bwabyo:

• Icyuma (Fe):Kuringaniza (igice gisigaye)
• Nickel (Ni):3.00-5.00%
• Silicon (Si):1.00%
• Carbone (C):0.07%
• Chromium (Cr):15.50-17.50%
• Niobium (Nb):0.15-0.45%
• Manganese (Mn):1.00%
• Umuringa (Cu):3.00-5.00%
• Amazi meza (S):0.03%

Ibigize byemeza imbaraga zibikoresho, kurwanya ruswa, nibindi bintu bikwiranye ninganda zitandukanye.

MIM 17-4 PH ibyuma bitagira umwanda mubisanzwe bifite imiterere yubukanishi bubi 10-25% kurenza ibyakozwe 17-4 PH. Impamvu z'ibanze zirimo:

Inenge zo gucumura zirimo umwanda wa karubone utinda, imyenge yagumishijwe, hamwe nintete.
Guhumeka-guterwa no gutakaza ibintu: Cr, Cu, na Ni.
Kwinjiza umwanda: O, C, na N.

Hamwe no gutinda gucumura, icyiciro cya cubic austenite gishingiye kumaso gihagarikwa na karubone na azote. Kurundi ruhande, umubiri-cubic delta ferrite uzihutisha umuvuduko wo gucumura. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda 17-4PH bigira ingaruka yimvura itera ubukana nimbaraga nyinshi, mugihe delta-ferrite isigaye igabanya imbaraga. Byongeye kandi, martensite ibaho mugihe cyo gukonja nyuma yo gucumura.

Ikintu cyingenzi cyibicuruzwa bya MIM ni ogisijeni. Ubuso bwambere bwubutaka bwibyuma bitagira umuyonga bisizwe na oxyde ni byinshi, kandi ingano ya ogisijeni iratandukanye bitewe nuburyo bwo gukora ifu. Urwego rwa ogisijeni nyinshi mu bice bya MIM 17-4 PH biganisha ku kurwanya ruswa nabi hamwe n’imiterere idahwitse kuko iyo okiside izakuraho ubushobozi bwa chromium bwo kubuza ruswa.

 

Ibintu bisanzwe

Tekiniki ihanitse yo gukora ibice bikomeye, bikora cyane ibyuma bidafite ibyuma ni MIM. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, igipimo cyo gushyushya, ibidukikije, gufata igihe, nubunini bwa powder byose bigira ingaruka kuburyo ibyuma bitagira umwanda 17-4 PH. Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumiterere ya 17-4 ya PH ivanze, nayo ikagira ingaruka mubice bya microstructure, imyitwarire yicyaha, nibiranga ibintu byanyuma. Azote iva mu kirere, umwuka wa ogisijeni uva mu ifu cyangwa mu kirere, na karubone ivuye mu ifu cyangwa binder ni byo bice by'ibanze.

 

Impirimbanyi nziza yimbaraga, gukomera, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa bituma 17-4 PH ihitamo gukundwa. Ibicuruzwa mubijyanye na elegitoroniki, amenyo, ubuvuzi, hamwe nindege bisanga kuvanga imico ishimishije nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe. zitandukanye ukurikije ibihimbano, hamwe nimpinduka muri Fe, Ni, Cu, na Cr. Ubushyuhe bwa solidus buri hafi 1405 ° C, naho bwa fluidus bugera kuri 1440 ° C. Imiterere yubukanishi yitabira kuvura ubushyuhe; kurambura kuvunika kuva kuri 8 kugeza 14%, imbaraga zitanga umusaruro kuva kuri 760 kugeza 1240 MPa, imbaraga zingana kuva kuri 1000 kugeza 1340 MPa, naho gukomera bigera kuri 43 HRC.

 

Ihuriro ridasanzwe ryimbaraga, ubukana, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa bituma 17-4 PH ibyuma bitagira umwanda bihitamo guhitamo inganda zikora inshinge. Icyuma cya martensitike kitagira umuyonga gikunze kugwa ni 17-4 PH.

• Imbaraga nyinshi
• Birakabije
• Kurwanya ruswa cyane
• Gukomera kuvunika
• ibiranga kuvura ubushyuhe no gusudira

 

Ingaruka zo Guhuza no Gutanga

Kubyuma bidafite ingese 17-4 PH gutera inshinge, sisitemu nyinshi zihuza; izwi cyane ni 60% yuzuza, 30% umugongo, na 10% surfactant.

Kuberako ibikoresho bisigaye bizahindura ogisijeni ya nyuma cyangwa karubone, kugabanuka bigira ingaruka kumiterere yanyuma. De-polymerisation cyangwa gukuramo solvent nintambwe yambere yo gutesha agaciro; kurugero, ibishashara bya paraffin bishonga muri heptane, na polythylene glycol ishonga mumazi ashyushye. Byongeye kandi, gusohora aside nitricike ikoreshwa muguhagarika catalitike kugirango ikure polyoxymethylene. Inzira nziza yo gukuraho binder mugice cya kabiri cyo kwishura ni ukubifata kuri 600 kugeza 1000 ° C mubidukikije bya hydrogen. Iki cyiciro rimwe na rimwe cyitwa icyiciro cyo gutangira.

 

Ingaruka zo Kugereranya Ingaruka

Umubare wimpinduka zikorana mugihe cyo gucumura ibyuma 17-4 PH kugirango bisobanure ubucucike bwa nyuma, icyiciro, microstructure, nibiranga. Ibice bine byingenzi bigize isesengura mibare ni uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe, ikirere cyangiza, intangiriro ya ogisijeni, nubunini bwa buke.

Ubushyuhe bwo gucumura bugira uruhare runini mubucucike.

 

Ingano y'ibice

Ikwirakwizwa ryubuso nuburyo inzira ya mbere ihuza mugihe cyo gucumura; agace gato hamwe nubuso bunini bizashimangira umubano wambere. Umugongo wumugongo wa polymer wibice bizasimburwa nubuso bwo gukwirakwiza hejuru iyo binder pyrolysis ibaye. Gukwirakwiza imipaka y'ibinyampeke bikenera gukura kw'ijosi uko guhuza ibice hagati y'ibyuma byiyongera kugirango habeho imipaka y'ibinyampeke hagati y'ibice. Iyo imbibi zimbibi zimeze, ingano yingano igira uruhare runini mugucumura mugihe kugabanuka gutangira, kandi bigira ingaruka mbi kubipimo byo gucumura. Nyamara, ingaruka zubunini bwambere zirashobora guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangwa igihe kinini cyo gufata.

 

Ikirere

Mu byuma bidafite ingese, uburyo busanzwe bwo gucumura burimo vacuum, hydrogen, azote, hydrogen-azote, na argon-hydrogen.


Ibirere bibiri bizwi cyane byo gucumura ibyuma 17-4 PH ni hydrogen na vacuum. Hariho kugabanuka kugaragara kwa okiside iyo karuboni yongeyeho. Silicon na chromium byombi bishobora gufata ogisijeni nta karuboni yongeyeho grafite. Kugabanya Oxide bibaho iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru kandi urwego rwa hydrogène ruri hejuru; ikime gito kizemeza iki gikorwa. Ubushuhe bukonje bwa okiside ibaho nyuma yo gucumura bizakora igipande cyiza cya silicon, fer, na chromium birwanya ruswa.

Nka stabilisateur ikomeye ya austenite, azote igira ingaruka kumikurire ya martensite nibiranga ibyuma bitagira umwanda. Iyo ikonje, azote, ibora muri austenite, igwa nka Cr2N. Chromium mu mbibi z’imbibi zizagabanuka niyi mvura, izatera ruswa yaho kugaragara vuba. Kubera iyo mpamvu, tugomba kubuza azote kwinjira mu kirere cyangiza kandi tugakonjesha ibice biri munsi ya 900 ° C ku muvuduko wa 200 ° C ku munota. mubyuma bidafite ingese 17-4 PH kugirango birinde umusaruro wa nitride ya chromium.

Graphite kandi itanga imbaraga nkeya z igice cya monoxyde de carbone mumatanura ya vacuum, niyo mpamvu itanura rya grafite ya vacuum igenda neza mugucumura. Kuri 1300 ° C hamwe na CO nkeya yumuvuduko wa 0.001, irashobora guhindura okiside ya chromium kuri chromium.

 

 

Ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe

Inzinguzingo zisanzwe zirimo kurandura umwanda hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwika bikubiyemo gushyushya no gufata ubushyuhe butandukanye. Kugabanya umwanda, ubushyuhe bwiza buri hafi 1000 ° C, mugihe cyo gukuraho polymer yanyuma, ni hafi 600 ° C.

Ibyuma bitagira umwanda 17-4PH bigenda bigabanuka mu gupima dilatometrie ku gipimo cyo hejuru cya 1250 ° C, mu gihe ubwinshi bwuzuye (98%) busaba ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 1300 ° C. Umuringa na chromium, bizagenda bishira kuri ubu bushyuhe bwo hejuru, wenda bigatera igihombo cyo kuvura ubushyuhe no kurwanya ruswa.

 

Byongeye kandi, synthesis ya delta-ferrite ifashwa nubushyuhe bwinshi; no gukwirakwizwa byihuse, iki cyiciro kizafasha muburyo bwanyuma. Ibikoloni byera bya delta-ferrite hamwe nuduce twijimye twa piside ya okiside izenguruka igaragara mumashusho akurikira ya micro-imiterere ya MIM 17-4PH mugucumura.

Microstructure ya 1260 SS17-4 MIM

 

Kugenzura Carbone

Mugihe cyo gucumura, karubone nindi austenite stabilisateur. Imbaraga nimbaraga zikomeye bizagerwaho hamwe na karubone nkeya yagumishijwe muri 17-4, munsi yuburemere 0.1%. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda 17-4 PH ibyiciro, ubucucike, hamwe nubukanishi byose bizaterwa nimpinduka ya karubone.

 

Ifu ya MIM ikora ifu ya atomize, ibisigazwa bya binder, ingengabihe yo kwangirika, ibidukikije byangiza, gutangira ogisijeni, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo hejuru ni bimwe mubihinduka bigira ingaruka kurwego rwa karubone. Ikintu cyambere kigena ibyingenzi bya karubone mugihe cyo gucumura ni urwego rwa mbere rwa ogisijeni. Kurugero, 0,03% ya karubone yatakaye mugihe cya hydrogène yogucamo ifu ya gaze ya 17-4 kuri 1343 ° C. Byongeye kandi, cyane cyane kubushyuhe bwo hasi, ibisigazwa bya binder nabyo bishobora gutera karubone.

Muri hydrogène no gucumura vacuum, imbaraga zingana zicyuma kitagira umwanda 17-4 ziterwa nubwinshi bwa karubone igumana. Muri H900 cyangwa H1100 yo kuvura ubushyuhe, cyangwa muri sinteri isanzwe kuri 1300 kugeza 1360 ° C. Ishusho ikurikira irerekana uburyo imbaraga zingana zigabanuka kuburyo bugaragara uko karubone izamuka.

 

Kubungabunga Igihe

Mu gucumura, gufata ibihe ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bigabanuka hagati yiminota 60 na 120. uhereye ku bucucike bwimbitse nubushyuhe nigihe gishushanyo gikurikira. Nkuko ubushyuhe buzamuka buva kuri 1240 ° C bukagera kuri 1360 ° C, bwerekana ubucucike bugenda buva kuri 96.3% bugera kuri 98.3%. Amasezerano yo gucumura agera ku bucucike bwuzuye (98%), nyuma yiminota 60 yo gufata. Porosity ikuweho kandi igipimo cyo kurimbura pore kiragabanuka muriki cyiciro. Gutakaza imbibi z'ingano n'umunaniro mwinshi ni impamvu nyamukuru.

 

Inyungu za MIM 17-4

Kurwanya ruswa cyane
Ubushyuhe bwo kuvura buterwa n'imyaka ikomera
Imbaraga zinganda nigihe kirekire
Kurwanya ubushyuhe budasanzwe
Nibyiza kuri MIM igoye ya geometrie

 

Ibiranga imashini

Kubijyanye nibikoresho byubaka, MIM 17-4 PH irakoreshwa. Ibintu bigereranywa ukunda ni imbaraga, gukomera, no kuramba. Mubyongeyeho, umunaniro, imbaraga zitanga umusaruro, hamwe no gukomera kuvunika ni ibibazo byatewe nimpinduka nyinshi zitunganya.

Ishusho ikurikira irerekana incamake y'ibipimo bya 17-4 PH ishingiye ku isesengura mibare ryimishinga myinshi MIM. Ibipimo byo gucumura bishinzwe hafi 60% yo gutandukana mumitungo.

 

Ukurikije inganda za MIM, ibyuma bitagira umwanda 17-4 PH bigomba kuba bifite imbaraga zingana zingana na 790 MPa, ubukana bwa 27 HRC nyuma yo gucumura, nuburemere bwa MPa 1070 na 33 HRC nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe. Kurambura 4% kuri byombi. Imbaraga zingana zibyuma bitagira umwanda 17-4PH nyuma yo gucumura 1350 ° C hamwe no gutunganya ubushyuhe bwa H900 ni 1280 MPa kuri poro ya atom na gaze na 1136 MPa kumazi ya atome. Twabibutsa ko ifu ya gaz atomize ishobora kugera ku bushyuhe butunganijwe bwa 1485 MPa hamwe na 9%.

 

Kurwanya Ruswa

Ubwoko bune bwibyuma bidafite ingese (304, 316, 430, na 17-4) bikorerwa ibizamini bisanzwe byangirika mubihe bitandukanye. Ibisubizo byerekana ko 17-4 aribyo bidashobora kwihanganira ibi bihe. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko imyenge yibice byacumuye itera kwangirika kwaho hamwe na polarisiyasi yibikoresho, ibikoresho byakozwe birwanya ruswa kuruta ibintu byacumuye. Ifu ya hydrogène hamwe na gazi ya atomize ni tekinike ebyiri zizwi cyane zo kunoza ruswa kuko ogisijeni isigaye ari inenge.

Kurwanya ruswa nabyo bifitanye isano na biocompatibilité. Iyo ugereranije na titanium na cobalt alloys, ibyuma bitagira umwanda 17-4 PH bifite cytotoxicity nziza ariko ntibishobora guhiganwa muri rusange biocompatibilité.

 

Isoko ryo gusaba PH kuri MIM 17-4

Imiterere yubukorikori itangwa na 17-4 PH ibyuma bitagira umuyonga mubushyuhe bugera kuri 350 ° C. Byongeye kandi, biraramba bihagije kubwicyuma cya vase no gusudira, kandi gukubita no gupima birashobora kugabanuka no gushyushya ubushyuhe buke mugihe gito.

Kubera kwangirika kwayo no kurwanya ubushyuhe, icyogajuru 17-4 ibyuma bidafite ingese ni amahitamo meza yo gukoresha ikirere. Ifu nini cyane kandi yuzuye irashobora kwemeza ubuzima bwibicuruzwa bya MIM 17-4 no kugabanya ihinduka ryamakosa.

Ibinyabiziga
Ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mugukora amamodoka nicyuma 17-4 kuko byoroshye gutunganya muburyo butandukanye. Hamwe nigihe kirekire, tekinoroji yo guteramo ibyuma nayo yongerera ubushobozi bwa geometrie igoye.

Abakiriya
Kuberako irwanya ruswa idasanzwe, 17-4 ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byabaguzi ukoresheje tekinoroji ya MIM. Byongeye kandi, imbaraga zidasanzwe nubukomezi bwibi bikoresho byemeza imikorere idafite amakosa.

Mu gusoza

MIM 17-4 PH itera intambwe itangaje mugutezimbere imiterere. Kubikorwa byinshi bikwiye, itanga ibintu bitandukanye bikurura ibintu byacumuye. Ubushyuhe bwo gucumura nicyo kintu cyambere kigena ibiranga amaherezo iyo ugereranije nubwoko bwifu, ingano yingirakamaro, icyatsi kibisi, gufata igihe, nibindi bipimo. Byongeye kandi, icyiciro kiboneka mubikoresho byacumuye bigira ingaruka kumiterere.

Hagati aho, kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gucumura, ubucucike bwa sinte, hamwe na morfologiya yicyiciro byose bigira ingaruka kubiranga. Mugihe ubucucike bwacumuye bugena ibiranga, Gukanda Isostatike Ashyushye (HIP) irabongera.

Gutera ibyuma (MIM) bigenda bitera imbere hamwe nicyuma 17-4 PH. Gutanga izindi porogaramu zo gucumura 17-4 PH, JHMIM biterwa na tekinoroji ya MIM.