1. Kuvaka uye kushanda kwegiya

Magiya anogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: mhete yemazino uye muviri wevhiri, zvisinei nemhando dzakasiyana uye saizi zvichikonzerwa nezvinangwa zvemuchina. Aya anotevera mapoka anosanganisira akajairika cylindrical magiya: disk giya, sleeve giya, yemukati giya, shaft giya, chikamu giya, uye rack. Disk giya ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mhando pakati pavo.

Mhete kana zvindori zvinogona kunge zviripo pagiya recylindrical. Iyo yakajairika giya-mhete giya inogadzirwa nyore; zvisinei, bendekete rinowanzo kanganisa mhete yemazino madiki maviri kana matatu magiya, ichidzora maitiro ekugadzira anogona kushandiswa.

2. Precision zvinodiwa zvecylindrical gear

 Iko kurongeka kwekugadzira kwegiya pachayo kune kukanganisa kukuru pakushanda kwekushanda, kutakura kugona uye hupenyu hwebasa hwemuchina wese. Zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekushandiswa kwegiya, zvinotevera zvinodiwa zvinoiswa pamberi pekutapurirana giya:

(1) Kufamba kwakarurama - kunodiwa kuti giya rikwanise kufambisa mafambiro, uye chiyero chekufambisa chinogara chiripo, ndiko kuti, kukanganisa kweAngle kwegiya mukushanduka hakupfuure humwe huwandu.

(2) Smoothness yebasa - iyo giya yekufambisa kufamba inodiwa kuve yakatsetseka, uye maitiro, vibration uye ruzha zvidiki. Izvi zvinoda kudzikisira shanduko muyero yekumhanya yekukurumidza apo giya rinotenderera kuita diki, kureva, kudzikamisa iyo Angle kukanganisa munguva pfupi.

(3) Kurongeka kwekubata - Kana giya rikatumira simba, kuitira kuti isaite kuti iyo yekubata iwedzere kushushikana nekuda kwekugovanisa kusaenzana kwemutoro, zvichikonzera kupera nguva isati yakwana yemazino, izvo zvinoda kuti zino rekusangana kwemazino rive yunifomu kana giya riri kushanda, uye ive nechokwadi chekuti pane imwe nzvimbo yekubata uye inosangana nezvinodiwa zvenzvimbo yekubata.

(4) Zino padivi pekuchenesa - Kana giya richidikanwa kuti rityaire, pane imwe gaka pakati peasina kushanda mazino ekuchengetedza mafuta ekuzora uye kudzoreredza shanduko yemhando inokonzerwa nekushisa uye elastic deformation uye kumwe kukanganisa mukugadzirisa uye kusangana.

3. Gear zvinhu

Zvishandiso zvinofanirwa kushandiswa zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekushanda echinhu chakakodzera. Iyo machining performance uye sevhisi hupenyu hwemagiya inokanganiswa zvakananga nekusarudzwa kwezvinhu.

• • General gear kusarudzwa kwepasi uye yepakati carbon alloy steels, zvakadai se20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMnTi, nezvimwewo, uye masimbi epakati kabhoni, akadai se45 simbi.
• • 38CrMoAlA nitride simbi chinhu chakakodzera magiya anokosha ane zvinodiwa zvepamusoro. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa kune asiri-simba rekufambisa magiya zvinosanganisira simbi yakakandwa, plywood, uye naironi.

4. Kupisa kurapwa kwemagiya

Mukugadzirisa giya, maviri ekupisa maitiro ekupisa anorongwa zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvakasiyana:

1) Kupisa kwekupisa kurapwa: ronga pre-kupisa kurapwa kusinga gadzirise kana kudziya pamberi uye mushure mezino risingashandiswe, chinangwa chikuru ndechekubvisa kushushikana kwasara kunokonzerwa nekugadzira uye roughing, kunatsiridza machinability echinhu uye kugadzirisa yakazara ma mechanic properties.

2) Zino rinopisa kupisa kurapwa: Mushure mekugadzirisa chimiro chezino, kuitira kuti uvandudze kuoma uye kupfeka kuramba kwemazino epamusoro, carburizing kuoma, high-frequency induction heat kuomesa, carbonitriding uye nitriding heat treatment maitiro anowanzoitwa.

5. giya risina chinhu

Bhara zvinhu, kugadzira, uye kukanda zvinogadzira iyo yakawanda isina chinhu fomu yegiya. Zvishandiso zvebhaa zvinoshandiswa kune madiki-diameter magiya ane yakatwasuka kuvaka uye kushoma simba zvinodiwa. Magiya ane dhayamita rakakura kupfuura 400-600 mm anowanzo kukandwa ma blanks, asi mafogiji akawanda anowanzoitika kana giya racho richida kusimba kukuru, kupfeka kuramba, uye kukanganisa kuramba. Kune makuru uye akaderera magiya, mazino egiya anogona kukandwa zvakananga kuderedza machining; kune magiya madiki uye akaomarara akaumbwa, maitiro matsva senge simbi yehupfu, kupisa kutenderedza, kutonhora kuwedzeredza, kukanda kudzvanya, kukanda chaiko, uye kukanda chaiko kunogona kushandiswa kugadzira mabhii emazino ane mazino egiya, kuvandudza kubereka kwevashandi uye kuchengetedza mbishi.

Kusarudzwa kwemuchina chirongwa chezino blank

Kune shaft giya uye sleeve giya, maitiro ekugadzirisa anonyanya kufanana neyakajairwa shaft uye sleeve giya, maitiro ekugadzirisa e disc giya anonyanya kukurukurwa.

Iyo tekinoroji yekugadzirisa yezino rakashama zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nechimiro chemuviri wegiya uye rudzi rwekugadzira.

(1) Huwandu hukuru hwekugadzirwa kwakawanda kwemazino asina chinhu kugadzirisa

Kana huwandu hukuru hwepakati saizi mazino mabheti akagadziriswa, chirongwa che "kuchera imwe kudhonza imwe mota yechishandiso" inoshandiswa:

1) Kudhirowa kana kudzokorodza isina denderedzwa rekunze uye kupera kwechiso chinzvimbo;

2) Lacon;

3) Denderedzwa rekunze, kuguma kwechiso, kugezesa uye kurira kweiyo yakaomesesa yekupedzisa mota pane akawanda-turusi semi-otomatiki lathe yakaiswa nemakomba.

Ichi chirongwa chirongwa chinogona kuumbwa mutsara wegungano kana otomatiki mutsara nekuda kwekushandiswa kwematurusi emuchina, saka kugona kwekugadzira kwakakwira.

Iyo "mota inodhonza mota" chirongwa chehurongwa chinowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirisa mazino mabheti anogadzirwa mumabhechi.

1) Kudenderedzwa rekunze rezino billet kana vhiri kuiswa, yakanaka kutendeuka yekunze denderedzwa, kumagumo chiso, uye mukati mukati; 2) Tsigira gomba re spline kana kudhonza-gomba uchishandisa iyo yekupedzisira kumeso; 3) Kubatanidza denderedzwa rekunze remota uye kupedzisa kumeso nemakomba.

Iyi mhinduro inogona kuwanikwa neyakachinjika lathes kana turret lathes uye broaching michina. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekugadzikana kwekugadzirisa hutano uye hukuru hwekugadzira. Kana gomba risina zino riine nhanho kana kumagumo kumeso kuine grooves, rinogona kushandisa zvizere chishandiso pane turret lathe kuita akawanda-zviteshi machining, uye kupedzisa zino risina chinhu machining pane turret lathe panguva imwe.

Gear zino kugadzirisa nzira

Iyo mazino chimiro machining yegiya mhete ndiyo musimboti weiyo yese giya machining. Kune akawanda maitiro mukugadzirisa giya, ayo ari echimiro chegiya rekugadzirisa sevhisi, chinangwa ndechekupedzisira wawana giya rinosangana nekurongeka kwezvinodiwa.
Maererano machining musimboti, zino chimiro anogona kukamurwa kuumba nzira uye kukura nzira. Nzira yekugadzira ndiyo nzira yekucheka mazino pamusoro nechombo chekugadzira chinoenderana nechimiro chezino groove yegiya rinoda kutemwa, sekukuya mazino, kudhonza mazino uye kugadzira mazino ekukuya. Iyo nzira yekusimudzira inzira yekucheka zino pamusoro zvichienderana nehukama hwemeshing pakati pechishandiso chegiya uye chishandiso, senge hobbing, giya shaper, kuveura, kugaya uye kukudza.
Sarudzo yemazino chimiro machining scheme inonyanya kuenderana neiyo chaiyo giredhi, chimiro chechimiro, mhando yekugadzira uye mamiriro ekugadzira egiya. Kune magiya ane akasiyana magiredhi chaiwo, iyo inowanzo shandiswa mazino chimiro machining chirongwa ndeichi:

1) Gear negiredhi 8 kunyatsoita. Gear hobbing kana giya shaper inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa. Kune giya rakaomeswa rinogona kushandiswa: roll (isa) zino - zino kupera machining - quenching - kugadzirisa gomba kugadzirisa chirongwa. Asi iyo machining chaiyo yemazino chimiro inofanira kuvandudzwa isati yadzima.
2) 6-7 chaiyo giya. Kune magiya akaomeswa anogona kushandiswa: rough hobbing - fine hobbing - mazino kupera machining - kugera zvakanaka - kudzima pamusoro - calibration datum - giya kukudza.
3) Gear negiredhi 5 kunyatsoita kana pamusoro. Kazhinji inoshandiswa: rough hobbing - fine hobbing - mazino ekupedzisira machining - quenching - calibration datum - rough grinding - fine grinding. Kukuya ndiyo nzira yekugadzira neiyo yakanyanya kurongeka uye diki yepasi roughness kukosha mune mazino profile machining parizvino, uye iyo yakanyanya kurongeka inogona kusvika 3-4 mazinga.

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